Probably the easiest way to calculate square footage of a roof is to first measure the perimeter of the structure. Then you need to calculate the rise.
To figure the rise you need a tape measure and at least a 2 ft. level. You can take the measurement either from the roof itself, the roof rafters (inside the attic) or from the rake rafter at the gable end. Measure out one foot, level, and with the tape measure at that point, you will have your rise. If you have an overhang, add that to the equation as well, doubling it for the other sides.
The equation, rise times run, will give you the square of the roof. To figure the rise factor, I use a cheat sheet that I copied from one of my architectural books. Most of these types of books will have the table in it somewhere. To try to calculate this, on the fly, is a real pain; and many contractors can’t do it.
Here’s how it works. If you have a 4 in 12 pitch you would multiply the total square footage by a factor of 1.06. If you have a 12 in 12 pitch (45 deg.) you would multiply by a factor of 1.42. Anything under a 4 in 12 or a 3 in 12 pitch is usually considered a flat roof. For that you’d just calculate the total square footage and just round up the nearest foot.
Hopefully that didn’t screw up all your realities. Hey, engineers are not supposed to make things easier, just more expensive. :-D
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